Phenolic resin is one of the earliest synthetic resin systems in industrial coatings. In the anti-corrosion field, it now follows three lines with greatly different uses; choosing the wrong line costs more than choosing the wrong model. The first is pure phenolic—economical products such as phenolic anti-rust paint and phenolic enamel, with fast drying, good water resistance and simple one-component application, suitable for routine anti-rust and decoration of steel structures, pipes, railings and machinery in general atmospheric environments, at significantly lower cost than epoxy and polyurethane systems, but with poor alkali and water immersion resistance, and cannot be used in wet or chemical environments. The second is epoxy phenolic—epoxy modified with phenolic resin, balancing the adhesion of epoxy with the heat resistance and chemical resistance of phenolic, widely used for internal lining of storage tanks and liquid cargo tanks, and a common choice when both corrosion resistance and a certain level of heat resistance are required. The third is phenolic epoxy (another wording for epoxy phenolic resin, also called novolac in the industry)—a phenolic-modified epoxy with high crosslink density, with solvent resistance, acid/alkali resistance and high-temperature resistance significantly better than ordinary epoxy, and a mainstream material for heavy-duty anti-corrosion of chemical storage tanks, refining units and pipe internals, typically static-dissipative coatings for storage tanks and specialty coatings for high-temperature storage tanks. Selection depends on three things: the contact medium (organic solvent, acid/alkali, or high-temperature hot water), the operating temperature, and whether solvent resistance or flexibility is required. In application, pay attention to the mixing ratio and induction time of two-component products; storage tank linings usually require multiple coats to reach the design total film thickness.
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